Vaccines | Mount Sinai Today

Can the COVID-19 Vaccines Affect My Fertility?

Updated on Jun 30, 2022 | COVID-19, Featured, Men's Health, Vaccines, Women's Health, Your Health

Worried young woman holding pregnancy test

Some men and women may be reluctant to get the COVID-19 vaccination because of concerns about fertility. You may be wondering if any of the vaccines used in the United States can have an effect on your sperm count, or on your eggs, embryo, or the pregnancy itself.

In this Q&A, Alan Copperman, MD, Director of the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and Vice Chair of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science at the Mount Sinai Health System, says the evidence shows that the vaccines do not pose a concern.

Update: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on September 29, 2021, strongly recommended COVID-19 vaccination either before or during pregnancy because the benefits of vaccination outweigh known or potential risks. Read more from the CDC

Does the COVID-19 vaccine affect my sperm count?

None of the COVID-19 vaccines in use in the United States affect sperm count or the sperm’s ability to move toward an egg (motility). It is true that contracting a severe case of COVID-19 can lower sperm count for a time. But studies show that the vaccine itself does not affect sperm. In fact, we recently completed a study looking at sperm donors around the country before and after getting the vaccine. We saw no change in count or motility.

Can the vaccine affect my ability to get pregnant and have a baby?

We have found that the COVID-19 vaccinations do not affect a woman’s fertility. Pregnancy involves a number of steps:

Your ovaries release an egg.
The egg travels through the fallopian tube to the womb (uterus).
Sperm fertilizes the egg as it travels.
The fertilized egg attaches to the inside of the uterus (implantation) and grows.

A problem at any one of these steps can lead to infertility. We’ve been studying women who have gone through several fertility cycles to see if any of the COVID-19 vaccines used in the United States affects any of these steps. We have found that:

The vaccine does not decrease egg production.
It doesn’t affect the ability to make an embryo.
It doesn’t affect a chromosomally normal embryo’s ability to grow in the uterus.

Will the COVID-19 vaccine have any effect on my pregnancy?

This is a good question because we’ve found that pregnant women who get COVID-19 tend to become very ill. That’s why we recommend taking the vaccine. As of now, three billion COVID-19 vaccinations have been administered, have of them to women, and we haven’t heard any reports of them affecting a woman’s pregnancy. We have also seen women getting the vaccine while undergoing in vitro fertilization—and it has had no effect on their outcomes. In fact, we have found that the vaccine not only protects the pregnant woman, but it keeps them safe at vulnerable times, such as when they deliver—and the fetus gets some immunity as well. We hypothesize that the vaccine prevents severe illness in these babies.

Should I get the COVID-19 vaccine if I’m planning a pregnancy in the near future?

The best time to get the vaccine is as soon as it becomes available to you. You may feel tired after the shot, and you may have short-term symptoms like fever. Some people have an allergic reaction to the vaccine, but that is very rare. We definitely recommend getting the COVID-19 vaccine to protect you, your pregnancy, and your infant.

If I’m already pregnant should I get the vaccine?

Safety data from around the world shows that women taking the vaccine during pregnancy have seen no effect on their pregnancy. The vaccine has shown itself to be safe and effective. As a result, all the major organizations involved with women’s health care—including the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—are strongly advocating that people who are pregnant get the vaccine.

Which vaccine is best for a pregnant woman?

There’s no data suggesting that any one of the vaccines is better than any of the others for pregnant women. We know that the effectiveness against preventing disease seems a little bit higher in the mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna), but all the vaccines that have been authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are up to 99 percent effective in preventing severe disease and death. Get whatever vaccine is most readily available to you.

What should I do if I have questions about the vaccine and my fertility?

If you have any questions, ask your health care provider. You can also check the online guidelines from organizations like the World Health Organization and the FDA. There is a lot of great information out there to help us fight back against this pandemic.

Get more COVID-19 vaccine information from Mount Sinai

How the News About the New York Yankees and COVID-19 Shows Vaccines Are Working

Jun 8, 2021 | Featured, Vaccines, Your Health

Vaccination rates across the country are continuing to rise, with nearly 300 million doses given so far. Many sports teams set thresholds to encourage player and staff vaccination as vaccine eligibility criteria expanded in order to get back to in-person games, tournaments, and celebrations.

So the news that nine members of the New York Yankees tested positive for COVID-19 raised some concerns and generated some headlines.

But experts say there is little reason for concern. In fact, this situation shows the vaccines are working as expected, as Brian Cashman, general manager of the Yankees, was quick to note on the Yankees official Twitter account.

In this Q&A, Gopi Patel, MD, Hospital Epidemiologist at The Mount Sinai Hospital, Medical Director for Antimicrobial Stewardship for the Mount Sinai Health System, and Associate Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, explains why the news about the Yankees provides more evidence that the COVID-19 vaccines are helping to end the pandemic by reducing the number of people who get very sick from the infection.

Many people may have been surprised or concerned when they heard that in one week, nine cases of COVID-19 were found in fully vaccinated members of the New York Yankees organization. Is that a concern to you?

It was a concern in the way it was first presented, which was that even though vaccinated, nine individuals contracted COVID-19. What really should have been emphasized is this: among those nine individuals, one had very mild disease, and the other eight were completely asymptomatic, meaning they did not show any symptoms of infection.

We have to remember that the practices of professional sports teams and the entertainment industry are very different from what we do in day-to-day life. They are tested frequently, in some cases daily, and these cases may not have detected if they didn’t have those protocols in place. What is especially important is, if we go back months ago, these individuals with COVID-19 may not have been asymptomatic. They may have been sick or even hospitalized with severe disease, and maybe in some settings they may have passed away.

Gopi Patel, MD

Although it’s not great for anybody to have COVID-19, what is very encouraging is that this situation with the Yankees shows that these vaccines work. They all received the Johnson and Johnson vaccine. We know vaccines prevent severe disease, hospitalizations, and people passing away from COVID-19. However, no vaccine is 100 percent, so it does mean that we need to emphasize the other things that we recommend: Wear masks and practice social distancing as appropriate. Make sure everybody around you is vaccinated, and practice behaviors that we’ve been asking people to practice if you don’t know the vaccination status of your colleagues or the individuals in your surroundings.

What are asymptomatic infections?

An asymptomatic infection is one where you don’t have symptoms that have been associated with COVID-19. You don’t have fever, you don’t have runny nose, and you don’t have a cough. You don’t feel what we call flu-like. You don’t have aches or pains; you haven’t lost your sense of smell. You don’t really feel sick.

What are breakthrough infections?

Breakthrough infections are infections that have been diagnosed in individuals who are two weeks or more out from their last dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. That’s 14 days or more out from one dose of the Johnson and Johnson vaccine, and that’s 14 days out from the second dose of either the Moderna or the Pfizer vaccines.

Since there is a possibility, albeit small, of a so-called breakthrough infection, should I continue masking and social distancing even though I am fully vaccinated?

It depends on who you’re around. You should feel confident that everyone is “safe” if you’re around a lot of people in your herd or your bubble who are fully vaccinated; if your whole family is vaccinated, and you’re aware of what kind of things they do, your risk of being infected if vaccinated is low. However, people could be immunocompromised, and vaccines are not 100 percent. Those are the patients we worry about with vaccines, because we don’t know how well vaccines will work in that population, although we are learning more, and we still encourage them to get vaccinated after speaking to their providers. If you have someone you’re visiting and they are vaccinated but they have some underlying immunocompromising condition, it’s probably best for you to mask and for them to mask too. If you’re at the grocery store or on public transportation, I would still recommend masking, because you don’t know what’s going on around you, and you don’t really know right now who’s vaccinated and who’s not.

If I am fully vaccinated, should I worry that I could pass the infection along to others?

We still are exploring and learning more about how this infection is transmitted among vaccinated individuals, so in the case of the Yankees, we don’t know how that happened. They did get the Johnson and Johnson vaccine, which is not as highly effective as the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine in preventing symptomatic infections but still very effective at preventing serious infections, hospitalizations, and death. We need to know in the case of the Yankees, was this a specific variant of concern? Was there a “super-spreader event” like an indoor gathering or an outing? We hope to learn more. I’m sure this is being investigated fully. I can’t really tell you if you personally should be worried about a breakthrough infection, but I do think you are less likely to have a severe infection if you are fully vaccinated.

What about spreading the infection to my unvaccinated children?

We always need to be concerned about our kids, depending on how old they are. If they’re less than 12, they may not be eligible to be vaccinated for a little bit longer, so we need to make sure we keep them safe. Those who are vaccinated may still be coming home to someone who is not vaccinated or interacting with someone who can’t be vaccinated at this time, such as those who may be immunocompromised or have other medical problems. It’s best to model the behavior you want kids to model. I’m the parent of a seven year old, so when she is wearing her mask, I’m wearing mine.

Should I be concerned about other people not getting vaccinated?

This is a global pandemic, and we all need to do our part. It’s important that if you have a vaccine story, if there’s a reason that you elected to get vaccinated, you share that story with others. We need to help people get to the place where they’re ready to be vaccinated. Some people have personal concerns about their medical condition; we ask that they speak to their health care provider.

I usually ask people if they can have conversations with at least two other people who are skeptical about vaccines or have concerns about vaccines, in a nonjudgmental way, and try to figure out what their concerns are. At least turn them to the right information, whether it be our website or the Centers for Disease Control or the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene or the New York State Department of Health. I think it’s helpful to get people the information that they need to make the decision that’s best for them. It is one of the things that’s going to help this world get back to normal.

Get information from Mount Sinai about COVID-19 vaccinations and appointments

What You Need to Know About COVID-19 Vaccination in 12- to 15-Year-Olds

May 13, 2021 | Children's Health, COVID-19, Featured, Vaccines, Your Health

Schools, playgrounds, and, most of all, our children will soon be better protected against COVID-19, thanks to the latest news from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The agency has announced that the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective for children between the ages of 12 to 15 and authorized emergency use of the vaccine; the CDC also recommends the vaccine in this age group. You may have questions about this new development. Kristin Oliver, MD, MHS, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, and Environmental Medicine and Public Health, at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, has answers.

How effective is the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 12 to 15?

All indications are that COVID-19 vaccination is highly effective in children ages 12 to 15. In the trial, the vaccine prevented 100 percent of COVID-19 cases among participants who got the vaccine. It’s important to remember that the results we see in clinical trials—called efficacy—may be slightly better than what we see when the vaccine is out in the world—effectiveness. People in the clinical trials always get the vaccine exactly as indicated, but this isn’t always the case in the real world. Once we start immunizing more and more people over time, we’ll have a better sense of the vaccine’s effectiveness for ages 12 to 15, but I expect this will also be really high.

Is it safe?

The COVID-19 vaccine is safe for children ages 12 to 15, just as it is for people 16 and older. In addition, the FDA will continue to monitor safety for another two years.

Researchers at the CDC are investigating a link between COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna and heart inflammation in young men and boys. Myocarditis and pericarditis can be serious but, fortunately, these side effects to vaccination are very rare and the cases connected to receiving the COVID-19 vaccine have been mild. So, the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination in this group still outweigh the risks of getting myocarditis from the vaccine.

Will our children experience any side effects from the vaccine?

We can expect children to have side effects similar to what we’ve seen in adults. The most common are pain and swelling at the injection site, tiredness, and headaches. In the study fewer than one in five 12- 15 year olds who get the shot, had a fever. The good news is that these side effects usually only last for a couple of days and can be treated with over-the-counter medication.

Remember: these types of side effects are a sign that the body’s immune system is responding to the vaccine, which is a good thing. We have seen more of these side effects to the COVID-19 vaccination than, say, the tetanus booster or HPV vaccine. For that reason, you might want to have your child take the vaccine on day when you know they can take is easy the next couple days.

Are there some 12- to 15-year-olds who should not take the vaccine?

Anyone who has had an allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine, or who had an allergic reaction to the first dose of the vaccine, shouldn’t take it.

But peanut, egg, and other food allergies are not a contraindication. If your child has any of these allergies, they can take the vaccine. If you have any questions about your child’s allergies and COVID-19 vaccine, check with your pediatrician.

If my child had COVID-19, do they still need to get a vaccine?

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said that everyone who can get a COVID-19 vaccine should do so, even if they’ve already had COVID-19. In general, we don’t know how long protection against the virus lasts after an infection, or how well previous infection prevents infection with some of the new variants. In our efforts to keep everyone healthy, the recommendation is to get vaccinated.

What are the benefits of vaccinating children ages 12 to 15 against COVID-19?

Vaccines are an important tool in protecting us from developing COVID-19. It is exciting that children ages 12 to 15 can now get vaccinated—and it is important that they do so. While it is true that younger people are less likely than their elders to get seriously ill and die from COVID-19, they are not immune to the virus. Children can, and have, contracted the virus, gotten seriously ill, and even died. So the first benefit of vaccination is to protect them from the virus and its complications. Additionally, we know that children can transmit the virus to others who are more at risk for serious complications. By vaccinating young teens, we can help prevent that transmission as well as protect grandparents, babysitters, and other more vulnerable people who are in their orbit.

Get more COVID-19 vaccine information from Mount Sinai

A Vaccine Pod Dedicated to Mental Health Patients

Updated on Jun 30, 2022 | Community, Featured, Psychiatry, Vaccines

From left: Raymond Rene, Office of Mental Health (OMH); Ruth Llanos, OMH Psychiatric Nurse; Paul Michael Avellaneda, OMH Psychiatric Nurse; Michelle Izmirly, DO; Gariy Livshits, OMH Treatment Team Leader

Earlier this year, the New York State Office of Mental Health (OMH) launched a program to bring vaccine doses to mental health patients, as many have trouble navigating the internet or don’t have smartphones and need help facilitating appointments. The OMH program was designed for patients to come to state psychiatric centers, but they were also eager to expand their reach and offered to set up vaccine pods at all OMH licensed clinics across the state. Michelle Izmirly, DO, Medical Director of Ambulatory Psychiatry at The Mount Sinai Hospital, reached out to OMH so that The Mount Sinai Hospital’s clinic could be included as a site.

“We see a very vulnerable patient population, and I knew a lot of our patients weren’t comfortable going to places like the Javits Center,” said Dr. Izmirly. “Some were even crying because they were so scared and so frustrated; often, they lacked internet access or cellular service to navigate the New York State vaccine eligibility website. We’re the ones they know. They know our setting and our staff, and they’re more comfortable getting the vaccine with us. They were so grateful that they had this option.”

It was a true team effort to pull it off. OMH scheduled a site visit to make sure the clinic had the appropriate setup: strong Wi-Fi, a comfortable area for injections, and supportive staff. Rajvee Vora, MD, Vice Chair of Clinical Affairs for the Department of Psychiatry, collaborated with Ania Wajnberg, MD, Medical Director of Ambulatory Care at The Mount Sinai Hospital and Site Lead for Vaccine Operations. They engaged the pharmacy and engineering departments to ensure the clinic had the appropriate equipment to safely store the vaccine.

Due to special efforts by Patricia Lamb, Chief of Ancillary and Support Services, Sue Mashni, PharmD, Chief Pharmacy Officer, and Michael Roche, PE, Senior Director of Engineering, the clinic space was converted to a safe and effective vaccine pod in one week. Eva Bayon, Administrative Manager, and Joan Bell, LCSW, Clinical Director of Ambulatory Psychiatry Services, handled the logistics of confirming and scheduling patients. Alicia Hurtado, MD, Associate Dean for Medical Student Wellness and Student Affairs, arranged for medical students to volunteer to monitor the patients for 15 minutes after they received the vaccination.

On April 8, the team vaccinated 72 patients—10 every 30 minutes starting at 9:30 am. And this might only be the beginning. The vaccine pod was such a success that OMH will return May 6 to reach the patients who were unable to attend their appointment that day. If OMH continues to provide the doses, the clinic could continue to offer it to their patients moving forward.

Cassidy Leverett, a care coordinator at the clinic, believes that the stability for these patients is key. “A lot of people find it really difficult to schedule the vaccine because it can be far from where they live or work, so it’s really great that people can go to a place they’re familiar with and see faces that they know. It’s been a very crazy time so it’s nice to have one stable place where you can go get your vaccine.”

Dr. Izmirly hopes this spreads beyond her clinic to other mental health clinics and practices. “You see so many news stories and research studies about people with mental illness contracting and dying from COVID-19 at higher rates than those who don’t suffer from mental illness,” she said. “We’ve even lost some of our own patients, which was completely devastating. This is an opportunity to help our own patients in our own settings, where we know they’ll feel comfortable.”

I’m Young and Healthy. Why Should I Get the COVID-19 Vaccine?

Updated on Jun 30, 2022 | COVID-19, Vaccines, Your Health

States are moving quickly to enable more people to be eligible for the COVID-19 vaccines. In New York, for example, those 16 and older are now eligible. But many young adults may believe they do not need to get vaccinated.

In this Q&A, Michelle Cespedes, MD, MS, an infectious disease specialist at Mount Sinai who has treated many patients with COVID-19, explains that young people should get the vaccine to limit the spread of the disease, especially new variants; to avoid potential long-term complications for themselves; and to protect others, especially older family members, relatives, and friends. Dr. Cespedes is also an Associate Professor of Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

Should young people worry about becoming infected with COVID-19?

This is a question I hear often these days. A lot of people think that because they’re young, they probably won’t get COVID-19. And even if they do, the reasoning goes, they won’t get a bad case. There are data that suggest younger people might not get as sick with the coronavirus as older people. They might be less likely to need hospitalization. But that doesn’t mean young people can’t get COVID-19 and potentially spread it on to other family members. This is especially important to remember when you think about visiting family members around the holidays. We saw that huge spike in cases last year right after Thanksgiving and Christmas. We’d like to avoid a repeat of that.

Is it true that if I get a mild case of COVID-19, it’s nothing to be concerned about?

It is true that young people might not get as sick as the elderly. But that doesn’t mean COVID-19 has no effect on you. Even people who had a mild case may experience long-term effects. Evidence suggests that COVID-19, like any other virus that causes inflammation, can affect the lungs, the nerves to the brain, and even the brain itself. For instance, the loss of taste or smell suggests inflammation in the nerves that control the ability to taste or smell.

Another common side effect is what we call brain fog, which is not a distinct medical or scientific term used regularly by medical professionals. Brain fog describes a collection of symptoms related to changes in thinking and memory. Patients who have had COVID-19 sometimes report that their thinking is sluggish or not sharp, often with poor memory, recall, or attention span. It can be best described as the sense that “I came into this room for something, but I can’t remember what.” While brain fog won’t land you in the hospital, it can last for many months.

Additionally, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the Naval Medical Research Center, past COVID-19 infection does not fully protect young people against reinfection. The study found that reinfection was quite common amount young healthy adults, making it even more important for them to get vaccinated in order to prevent reinfection, boost their immune responses, and reduce transmission.

How does my getting the vaccine help other people?

When you get vaccinated, it means you likely cannot get the virus, which means it won’t make you sick—and you won’t pass it onto anyone else. In addition to protecting yourself, the vaccine also helps the larger community. If there are fewer targets for the virus to jump to, fewer people will get sick. And that means there will be less chance for more virulent variants to develop. Getting the vaccine is an act of love for your friends and family and the larger community.

Get more COVID-19 vaccination information from Mount Sinai

If you would like to get a COVID-19 vaccine, contact your state or local health department for scheduling.

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Should You Get the COVID-19 Vaccine If You Are Pregnant?

Updated on Jun 30, 2022 | BFWHRI, COVID-19, Featured, OB/GYN, Vaccines, Women's Health

If you’re pregnant, you likely have a lot of questions about whether it’s safe for you and your baby to receive a vaccine against COVID-19. In this Q&A, Jill Berkin, MD, Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, draws on her vast experience as a high-risk obstetrician—as well as her own pregnancy—to offer her perspectives on side effects, vaccines and breastfeeding, and how to decide if vaccination feels right for you.

“Pregnant women should weigh their personal risks of coronavirus exposure against their tolerance of the unknown regarding vaccination,” says Dr. Berkin, who received two COVID-19 vaccine shots during her second trimester of pregnancy. “Right now our information is limited, but all the information we do have suggests that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in pregnancy.” She suggests those with specific questions about their own situation consult with their health care providers.

Why did you get the COVID-19 vaccine?

As a high-risk obstetrician I saw firsthand how pregnant women were affected by COVID-19. I also thought about my day-to-day exposure to the coronavirus through my work. I was more concerned about the known risks of infection than the unknown risks of vaccination, so my decision was easy.

Jill Berkin, MD

In general, do you think other pregnant women should get the vaccine and why?

It’s really important for pregnant women to realize that we don’t have data saying the vaccine is unsafe during pregnancy. Even though our data are limited, all of it points to the fact that vaccination is safe, and we don’t see any side effects specifically impacting the pregnancy itself. We haven’t seen any harm among women who were pregnant after receiving the vaccine in clinical trials.

In addition, each individual pregnant woman has to evaluate her own potential risk for exposure just like I did for myself. As a health care worker my exposures were great, so they outweighed any fears of the unknown with the vaccine. And of course, people who are pregnant may want to consult their own physicians for advice as well.

What are the risks and complications of COVID-19 and pregnancy?

Most pregnant women infected with the coronavirus will have symptoms similar to those who are not pregnant. The vast majority of pregnant women affected are asymptomatic. A large portion of the population has symptoms similar to a cold or flu, including muscle aches and fever. Then there’s a small portion of the population that has more severe disease that might require hospitalization. The data we have now comparing pregnant individuals to non-pregnant individuals shows that symptomatic pregnant women do have a slightly higher risk of a hospital admission, ICU admission, and even mechanical ventilation, but there’s no increased risk of mortality.

Would you say then that pregnant women are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19?

While it’s hard to fully analyze, the data suggests that pregnant women are at increased risk for developing severe complications of COVID-19. But we have to remind ourselves that in general, pregnant women who become ill are more likely to present to their physicians than women of the same age who are not pregnant, and that’s because you see a doctor more often when you’re expecting. Doctors will also be biased towards admitting women who are pregnant and keeping a closer eye on them because there are two patients at stake.

For those getting the COVID-19 vaccine, what are some side effects to be expected?

The most common side effect that people report is soreness in the arm, similar to a lot of other vaccines. Afterwards some patients might experience mild cold- or flu-like symptoms for about 24 hours. This seems to happen more frequently with the second dose, which is three or four weeks after the first dose. Pregnant women, along with the rest of the population, can take pain relievers such as Tylenol after their vaccine shots to help alleviate some of those symptoms.

Do you think there’s an optimal time for receiving the vaccine during pregnancy?

We don’t have any research to suggest that there is an unsafe time to vaccinate during pregnancy. However, pregnant women might consider not receiving the vaccine during the first trimester. This is only because in general we avoid medical interventions in the first trimester, which is the period of “organogenesis” when the baby’s organs are forming. We don’t have data suggesting there are any negative effects of the vaccine on organ systems. But because we are dealing with a lack of information regarding COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy—and out of an abundance of caution—perhaps delaying vaccination until the second or third trimester, if possible, could be beneficial.

What do you recommend about vaccination during breastfeeding?

The vaccine certainly has no risks, and only potential benefits. We know that one of the most wonderful things about breastfeeding is that women pass antibodies through their breast milk to their babies. We don’t have much information specifically about antibodies created from COVID-19 vaccination being passed through breast milk. But we do have encouraging data about women who were infected with coronavirus itself forming antibodies and passing those antibodies along through the placenta and through breast milk. So the benefit of being able to protect children against coronavirus when a vaccine is not currently available to children is a remarkable thing and a unique advantage of being a lactating mom.

Luciana Vieira, MD, who conducted the Q&A, is an assistant Clinical Prof of OB/Gyn and Reproductive Science at ISMMS and the Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute Scholar for 2020-2021. Dr. Vieira has been integral in creating a perinatal database to collect/analyze data on maternal + neonatal outcomes within Mount Sinai Health to improve care.

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