As the weather begins to turn warmer and people spend more time at home, many will be thinking about cranking up the AC. Some might wonder whether COVID-19 can spread faster in an air conditioned home.

Waleed Javaid, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, says it is possible, but not likely.

If someone in the house who is infected with the virus is coughing and sneezing and not being careful, then tiny virus particles in respiratory droplets could be circulated in the air. Anything that moves air currents around the room can spread these droplets, whether it is an air conditioning system, a window-mounted AC unit, a forced heating system, or even a fan, according to Dr. Javaid.

But he notes the added risk is limited and can be overcome with careful observance of the general rules for minimizing the spread of the virus. The most important point is that people with the virus should be very careful about covering their mouth and nose when they cough or sneeze. Anyone who is infected should stay in an out-of-the way part of the residence, away from others, he says. Those in the residence should treat others as if they could be infected with the virus by maintaining a safe distance and frequently washing their hands.

One thing you can do if you are a homeowner and have a forced air heating and cooling system is ensure that the air filter in your unit is replaced according to the filter instructions, he said. Some filters are designed to remove particles such as respiratory droplets.

Also, opening a window can help bring in fresh air from the outside and disperse stale air inside, and that could help reduce the possibility of the spread of the virus particles in the house.

Questions about the possible role of air conditioners in spreading the virus arose after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently posted a paper to be published in the July 2020 issue of an agency publication. In the paper, Chinese researchers traced an outbreak of COVID-19 to the air flow in an air-conditioned restaurant and recommended increasing the distance between tables and improving ventilation.

Currently, one of the best ways to protect against COVID-19 is to get yourself, and all eligible household members, vaccinated. Vaccination has been proven to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19 as well as transmitting the illness. 

If you would like to get a COVID-19 vaccine, contact your state or local health department for scheduling information.

New York State       New York City

New Jersey               Connecticut

COVID-19 is a serious disease, and doctors and scientists are working hard to learn more about how it affects different patients in order to develop the best treatments and help speed recovery. For many patients who are recovering, a loss of lung function is one of the key hurdles they face.

There are some steps you can take, in consultation with your doctor and other respiratory experts, that can help you in your recovery, including some exercises, according to Neil Schachter, MD, Medical Director of the Respiratory Care Department at the Mount Sinai – National Jewish Respiratory Institute, who has written two books on chronic lung disease.

But one thing to keep in mind: Any exercises you do are not actually repairing your lungs or strengthening your heart. Rather, they are helping to develop your muscles and your body to work more effectively with your lungs, which will help you breathe better and improve your circulatory system, according to Dr. Schachter, the Maurice Hexter Professor of Pulmonary Medicine and Timothy Harkin, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine and Director of Bronchoscopy, (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

Also, it’s not necessarily as simple as buying a treadmill or going out for a jog every morning, and your recovery will depend upon the severity of your disease and the damage that may have occurred to your lungs. That damage to the lungs impairs your ability to breathe and to supply oxygen to your body, which is what may make simple chores seem harder, or leave you catching your breath.

If your symptoms were mild enough that you recovered at home and did not need medical attention, your body will likely recover on its own. But if your symptoms were more severe you may need to take measures to help in your recovery, and certainly if you were hospitalized, in which case you will be speaking to your health care provider.

The basic principal behind recovery of lung function, though, remains the same. The good news is that, unlike traditional chronic lung ailments like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis, the damage from COVID-19 may be reversible and there is the ability to recover lung function, though there are many unknowns. And you can aid that recovery with a program of mild exercise.

With his respiratory therapy patients, Dr. Schachter advises doing what athletes do, using gradual training exercises, and he uses the analogy of Rocky Balboa, the fighter in the Rocky series of movies.

In the very first movie, Rocky begins training for the big fight by running on the streets of Philadelphia.  But he’s out of shape, so on his first outing, he runs about a block and he’s out of breath. But he sticks with the routine, and about a month later we see him run up the steps of the Philadelphia Museum of Art with his arms raised in a victory salute.

For those who have had mild symptom from COVID-19s, and those without other significant medical issues, this type of exercise program can help reverse the effects of weeks of sitting around the house battling the virus. So it could be daily walks inside your home, then gradually increasing to walks in the neighborhood, doing some stretching exercises, and perhaps using a cycling machine or walking on a treadmill at home while gyms remain closed. You might start with just a few minutes, and then gradually build up to 30 minutes.

Those who had more serious injuries to their lungs, or may have other medical conditions that could slow their recover like asthma or diabetes, should speak with their health care provider about a program of exercises that fits their needs.

Normally you might consult with a specialist like Dr. Schachter, who works with a team of rehabilitation therapists and physical therapists and oversees a dedicated gym at Mount Sinai for those in recovery programs. But for now, a telehealth visit would allow a health care provider to assess how much trouble you may be having with daily routines, like showering, and make some recommendations. If you need additional oxygen, they can help with that.

Doctors are reporting that they are beginning to see cases of “COVID toes,” red or purple patches on toes that some believe could be a sign of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).

While the scientific evidence is still limited about what may be causing this medical condition, people who have this symptom should contact a dermatologist or their health care provider, according to Noelani Gonzalez, MD, a dermatologist and Director of Cosmetic Dermatology at Mount Sinai West in New York.

“Your doctor will follow up by asking you questions to try to figure out if this could be a possible sign of coronavirus or something else,” she said.

In fact, the patches on the toes resemble another condition called chilblains, also known as pernio, a painful inflammation of small blood vessels. People may often feel itching, stinging, or burning.

In most circumstances the condition resolves on its own and doctors recommend behavioral measures such as keeping your feet warm, but in persistent cases topical steroids can help reduce inflammation, and aspirin can help improve blood flow to your extremities. Fortunately, the condition tends to go away within a few days or up to two weeks, according to Dr. Gonzalez.

This is a condition doctors typically see in the colder months, which is one reason why the recent reports, while the weather is warming, may be an indication of something different, she said.

In order to gather better information, the American Academy of Dermatology recently started a COVID-19 Registry to collect reports of this condition from physicians and health care professionals so that they can be studied, and to avoid the spread of medical misinformation.

Dr. Gonzalez says “COVID toes” has been found among people of all ages, though many of the cases have been among children and young adults. Doctors believe that may be because younger people typically mount more aggressive immune responses to a virus or other infection.

Doctors say this type of inflammation in “COVID toes” can be caused by the inflammation caused from the immune response to the virus, by an inflammation in blood vessels, or by clotting in blood vessels, or even by a combination of these, but there is not yet a definitive answer.