Nov 25, 2024 | Featured, Your Health
True or false: Lung cancer only affects those who have smoked a long time. The answer: False.
The actual connection between smoking and lung cancer is one of three key takeaways about lung cancer from the experts at Mount Sinai.
- Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, but not the only cause. Smoking is responsible for about 80 to 90 percent of lung cancer cases. But a growing number of nonsmokers are being diagnosed with lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer increases with the number of cigarettes smoked and how long someone has smoked. For non-smokers, a family history, secondhand smoke and exposure to chemicals like radon and asbestos can increase the risk of lung cancer.
- Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and is the deadliest type of cancer for both men and women.
- Early diagnosis is important. Lung cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when treatment options are limited. Early diagnosis can make a big difference in survival rates.
The symptoms of lung cancer are the same whether or not you have smoked. Some people have general symptoms of not feeling well or feeling tired all the time, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some people cough frequently, cough up blood, or have chest pain, wheezing, or shortness of breath. These symptoms can happen with other illnesses. If you have any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor, who can help find the cause.
Here are more important updates on lung cancer prevention and treatment from the Center of Excellence for Thoracic Oncology, led by co-directors Fred R. Hirsch, MD, PhD, and Andrew J Kaufman, MD, and the entire team at Mount Sinai Health System have vast experience researching, detecting, and treating lung cancers.
These experts note a number of important developments in the field, including improved cure rates thanks to early detection of lung cancer through low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans and by raising awareness of lung cancer risk in “never smokers.” Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is helping to find lung cancer earlier and more accurately, while a recent study points to disparities in lung cancer testing.
Cure Rate From Early Detection
Research led by Claudia Henschke, MD, PhD, Professor of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology and Director of the Early Lung and Cardiac Action Program (ELCAP) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, indicates that early detection works. In a multi-decade study (1992-2022) involving more than 31,000 people, those who detected lung cancer early through low-dose CT scans had an 81 percent survival rate after 20 years. The average five-year survival rate for all lung cancer patients is 28 percent, according to the American Cancer Society. However, only 23 percent of lung cancers are diagnosed at an early stage.
“Early detection is crucial in the fight against lung cancer,” said Dr. Henschke. “Our research shows that annual low-dose CT screening significantly increases survival rates by identifying cancers at their most treatable stages. We encourage individuals, especially those at higher risk, to take advantage of these screening opportunities.”
Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
According to the American Cancer Society, up to 20 percent of lung cancer cases occur in people who have never smoked. This fact helps us understand that lung cancer can affect anyone, not just smokers. Factors like exposure to secondhand smoke, radon, air pollution, asbestos, or a family history of lung cancer may increase your risk of lung cancer. Researchers estimate that second-hand smoke contributes to about 7,300 and radon to about 2,900 of these cases. Mount Sinai offers a program that allows individuals 40 and older to be screened even if they have little to no smoking history.
“Lung cancer is often associated with smoking, but it’s important to recognize that it can develop in people who have never smoked or have smoked very little—fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime,” said Raja Flores, MD, Chair of Thoracic Surgery at the Mount Sinai Health System. “In fact, about 10-20 percent of lung cancers in the United States occur in individuals who have never smoked. Lung Cancer Awareness Month is an important time to highlight that many factors beyond smoking influence an individual’s lifetime risk for lung cancer. We need education about exposure and subsequent access to testing to improve early detection in all populations, regardless of smoking history.”
Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Screening
Icahn Mount Sinai is advancing the use of AI technology to find lung cancer earlier and more accurately. Recently developed by the I-ELCAP team, the Open Source Automated Image Reading System (AIRS) will analyze CT scans to spot nodules that might be missed by the human eye and assess a patient’s risk for lung cancer based on their medical history and other factors. Designed as a future “rule out” tool for annual repeat and follow-up low-dose CT scans, AIRS is expected to cut radiologists’ reading time by approximately 85 percent.
“Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the way we approach lung cancer screening. By enhancing the analysis of CT scans, AI can help us detect growths earlier and more accurately than ever before,” said David F. Yankelevitz, MD, Director of the Lung Biopsy Service at Icahn Mount Sinai. “This technology is a tool not only to improve diagnostic precision but also to allow us to tailor screening protocols to individual patients, ultimately leading to better outcomes and survival rates.”
Disparities in Lung Cancer Testing
A recent Mount Sinai study found that people with lung cancer face significant differences in getting important tests based on their race and income. This study, led by Emanuela Taioli, MD, PhD, and her team at the Institute for Translational Epidemiology at Icahn Mount Sinai, identifies a serious concern in cancer care.
“The results of this study are important because they show that if we can fix these gaps in testing, more people will be able to get the treatments they need and improve their chances of survival,” said Dr. Taioli. “For doctors, this means they need to make sure that everyone has equal access to these important tests. For patients, especially those from lower-income or minority backgrounds, it means there’s a need for better access to treatments that can improve their health and improve their chances of survival.”
Accessing Care at Mount Sinai
Mount Sinai has broad experience with a variety of diagnostic tools and some of the most advanced treatment options in the New York City area. Here are a few of our locations across New York City and Long Island:
- Mount Sinai Brooklyn, 3201 Kings Highway, Brooklyn, NY
- Lung and Thoracic Cancer Services at The Mount Sinai Hospital, 1190 Fifth Avenue
For more information, please visit www.mountsinai.org/lungcancer
Updated on Nov 19, 2025 | Artificial Intelligence, Community, Engagement, Featured
Alexander Charney, MD, PhD
An essential part of achieving health equity is the fair collection of genomic data, ensuring that informed health care decisions can reflect the unique, diverse genomes of all cultures. Currently, there is a lack of diversity in genomic research data. This limits what we can uncover about health and potential treatments for our global population.
Expanding diversity among participants in genomic research can bridge these gaps, advancing our understanding of human genetics for all communities. One ambitious initiative that strives to diversify this data is the Mount Sinai Million Health Discoveries Program.
Mount Sinai Health System’s Health Equity Data Assessment (HEDA) team met with leaders of the program who expressed their challenge with identifying the ethnic identities of Mount Sinai patients participating in the program. HEDA was quickly able to assist in rectifying the data issue, which resulted in increasing the ethnic identities from 0.5 percent to 66 percent.
This assistance will have a significant impact on the program objectives. A hypothesis was formulated in the Measures and Outcomes section of the HEDA Hub. The HEDA team will track progress towards the program’s goal of reaching a million patients.
The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai leads this project and aims to sequence the genomes of one million Mount Sinai patients over the next five years. It seeks to integrate health and research data to drive discoveries that directly benefit a diverse patient population.
Lea K. Davis, PhD
Mount Sinai Million is poised to serve as a model for embedding genetics into routine clinical care. By leveraging data from one of the world’s most diverse patient populations within a massive New York City health system, this program seeks to deepen our understanding of the connections between genetics and disease.
In a recent conversation with Alexander Charney, MD, PhD, Director, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, and Associate Professor, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, and Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn Mount Sinai; and Lea K. Davis, PhD, Scientific Director of the Mount Sinai Million Health Discoveries Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, and Associate Professor of Medicine (Data-Driven and Digital Medicine), Icahn Mount Sinai, we gained further insight into this initiative.
Dr. Charney explains: “Our goal is to develop personalized treatments tailored not only to the disease but to the individual’s genetic makeup, which we know varies significantly across populations.”
“Equity is a core value of the scientific vision for the Mount Sinai Million,” says Dr. Davis. “We are thrilled to connect the program with HEDA and are looking forward to supporting equity-focused research through the development of this incredible resource.”
Reflecting on the broader impact, Dr. Charney says the initiative “isn’t just about collecting data; it’s about improving lives.” He envisions a health care system where genetic insights enable clinicians to make more informed, individualized decisions.
“With this kind of data,” he says, “we’re not just diagnosing based on symptoms—we’re diagnosing based on a person’s unique genetic and biological profile, which could mean a huge leap in effectiveness.”
With this forward-thinking approach, Dr. Charney and the Mount Sinai team are working toward a future where each person’s treatment is precise, effective, and, above all, personalized.
To enroll as a participant or to learn more about the Mount Sinai Million Health Discoveries Program, visit mountsinaimillion.org.
Updated on Nov 15, 2024 | Featured, Nursing
Nurse Practitioner team, The Mount Sinai Hospital
The Nurse Practitioner (NP) profession originated in the 1960s through the collaborative and collegial efforts of nurse Loretta Ford, MS, EdD, FAAN, FAANP, and physician Henry Silver, MD, with an emphasis on illness prevention and health promotion including patient education.
Today, there are more than 385,000 licensed NPs bringing a comprehensive perspective to health care all across the United States. The NP role is deemed as one of the fastest growing professions, with the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projecting a 46 percent increase by 2031.
In collaboration with physicians and interdisciplinary team members, NPs continue to make valuable contributions in delivering optimal patient care while minimizing duplication of clinical effort and promoting the appropriate and timely use of all health care providers on the team. NPs provide care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values, and ensure that patient values guide all clinical decisions.
Nurse Practitioner Week, Sunday, November 10, to Saturday, November 16, provides the Mount Sinai community with the opportunity to reflect on the valuable contributions of our approximately 900 NPs in advancing the mission, vision, and values of our organization.
Below are brief personal reflections of a few of our Mount Sinai Health System NPs on the importance of the NP role in health care:
“NPs bring a unique blend of clinical expertise and patient-centered care to health care. With advanced training, we provide comprehensive assessments, diagnose conditions, and develop treatment plans, often with a focus on preventive care and patient education,” says Meghan Costigan Kraus, FNP-BC, CDCES, Director of Diabetes Services/Endocrinology, Mount Sinai South Nassau. “NPs’ holistic approach emphasizes communication and education, fostering strong relationships and empowering the patients they care for.”
Meghan Costigan Kraus, FNP-BC, CDCES
J’Adore Larosa-Mattis, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC
“As a NP, I prioritize patient-centered care and building strong relationships with my patients and their families,” says J’Adore Larosa-Mattis, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai-Union Square. “A great NP combines clinical expertise with empathy, active listening, and a holistic approach to health. Patients often describe us as approachable and dedicated, highlighting our ability to understand their unique needs and concerns, which fosters trust and enhances their overall experience.”
“NPs bring knowledge and understanding from both nursing and medicine to care for patients and their families, enhancing our ability to collaborate with all care teams and provide the best possible care,” says Francisco Diaz, DNP, RN, NP-BC, GNP-BC, CDCES, Diabetes Care and Education Specialist, Mount Sinai Morningside.
Francisco Diaz, DNP, RN, NP-BC, GNP-BC, CDCES
Helen Wu, NP-BC
“I chose to transition from RN to NP to continue learning and expanding my ability to care for patients,” says Helen Wu, NP-BC, Heart Failure, Mount Sinai Queens. “This journey has been a significant step in my professional development, allowing me to enhance patient care through advanced practice. NPs are important to patient care and provide a blend of clinical expertise, patient-centered care, and compassion.”
“NPs approach the patient with a nursing perspective, which is grounded in being caring and compassionate, really trying to understand our patient from a human perspective,” says Lisette Kimbere, DNP, ANP-BC, Oncology Care Unit, The Mount Sinai Hospital. “We also bring the provider perspective. We understand what may be best for these patients and how to proceed with a specific line of treatment. In a way, we bring the best of both worlds to the patient and their family.”
Lisette Kimbere, DNP, ANP-BC
Holly Morhaim, MSN, NP
“An NP is a clinician who is caring, attentive, establishes trust with their patients, and uses their knowledge, expertise, and experience in bridging gaps in care,” says Holly Morhaim, MSN, NP, Clinical Program Manager, Mount Sinai Stroke Center, Mount Sinai Brooklyn.” An NP differs from a clinical nurse in being able to diagnose and treat medical conditions, order diagnostic tests, and prescribe medical therapies. NPs are nurses at heart, and in addition to diagnosing and treating patients they also focus on patients’ comfort; help bridge patients’ understanding of the disease process, treatments, and expectations; and provide more comprehensive patient education.”
“My sister has been a patient in the health care system for her whole life,” says Chloe Jones, NP, Mount Sinai West. “It can be a confusing, contradictory, and frustrating system to navigate. She has an NP on her cardiology team who is the ‘go-to person.’ If there’s a problem, she solves it. If there’s a question, she answers it. If she doesn’t know, she finds the answer. That’s the value that an NP can bring to care: being the go-to person to help guide patients and families through this often very frightening and challenging experience.”
