Colorectal cancer rates have increased at alarming rates among young adults, often under the age of 45.
Colorectal cancer usually occurs later in life, with the average age at diagnosis around 70. An early diagnosis should prompt consideration of testing of your genetic predisposition to cancer, according to Michael Murray, MD, Division Chief of Genomic Medicine at Mount Sinai.
Michael Murray, MD, Division Chief of Genomic Medicine at Mount Sinai
In this Q&A, Dr. Murray, who is also Clinical Director for the Institute for Genomic Health, explains the importance of genetic testing and what services Mount Sinai offers.
Why is genetic testing important for some people?
Prior to the recent increase in colorectal cancer in young adults, we know that 8 to 10 percent of cases under 50 years old were due to genetic predisposition. While it is believed that environmental risks contribute to this recent increase, the relationship between these environmental risks and genetic predisposition are not fully understood. It is important to know that, whether you’ve been diagnosed with colorectal cancer, or have a family history, or if you are simply worried about risk for early cancer, you can be tested for genetic predisposition at Mount Sinai’s Genomic Health Clinic.
What can people do early on to see if they are at risk of developing colorectal cancer?
A family history of colorectal or uterine (endometrial) cancer can be a sign of inherited cancer risks, such as Lynch Syndrome (LS). The Mount Sinai Genomic Health Clinic can analyze the pattern of cancer in the family and determine if it is consistent with LS or other inherited cancer risk. For individuals with LS, the lifetime risk for colorectal cancer can be as high as 80 percent, with almost half of the cancers occurring prior to age 50. In those with confirmed LS, preventive strategies exist.
What does genetic testing to evaluate risk for colorectal cancer involve?
Genetic testing for colorectal cancer risk begins with a consultation with the Genomic Medicine team, either in person or by telemedicine, to learn more about your personal and the family health history. They will discuss your testing options. If you choose to proceed, they obtain a DNA sample (blood or saliva) for testing. A follow-up visit is then scheduled to review the results and discuss recommended next steps.
Who should do a genetic test for colorectal cancer and other types of cancer?
Genetic testing can be ordered based on family history of cancer, personal history of cancer, or interest in being screened. The Mount Sinai Genomic Health Clinic can help you determine if testing is right for you.
What resources are available at Mount Sinai for genetic testing?
More than 90 percent of people with LS do not know they have it, and only come to know it after a cancer diagnosis. Early identification of LS provides a chance to take preventive action. The Mount Sinai Genomic Health Clinic sees any patient who self-refers or is referred by their health care provider.